Introduction
The Singleton pattern ensures that only one instance of a class exists and provides a global access point to it. This pattern is commonly used for managing shared resources, such as configuration settings, logging, or database connections.
Real-Life Example
Imagine a high-security building where only one master key exists. No duplicates are allowed, ensuring strict control over access. Similarly, a Singleton ensures that only one instance manages crucial system-wide functionality.
Pros
Ensures a single point of control.
Saves memory by preventing redundant instances.
Useful for shared resources like caches or thread pools.
Cons
Can introduce hidden dependencies, making testing difficult.
Often leads to global state, which can be problematic in multithreaded environments.
Violates the Single Responsibility Principle if it starts managing too much.
When to Use It
When you need a single, centralized object (e.g., logging, configurations).
When instantiation control is crucial for performance and consistency.
Avoid when global state leads to unintended side effects or hinders testability.
Conclusion
The Singleton is powerful but should be used cautiously. It’s best suited for managing truly shared resources, but overuse can create unnecessary dependencies
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